ANIMALS – BIRDS – SONGBIRDS – MANY-COLOURED RUSH TYRANT (TACHURIS RUBRIGASTRA) #2

Animals - Birds - Songbirds

Many-coloured Rush Tyrant (Tachuris rubrigastra)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Aves
Order : Passeriformes
Family : Tyrannidae
Genus : Tachuris
Species : T. Rubrigastra

Description:

The Many-coloured rush tyrant (Tachuris rubrigastra) or Many-colored rush tyrant is a small passerine bird of South America belonging to the tyrant flycatcher family. It is the only member of the genus Tachuris and its relationships with the other members of the family are uncertain. It inhabits marshland and reedbeds around lakes and rivers. It is particularly associated with stands of Scirpus. The nest is built among plant stems.

There are four subspecies: T. r. rubrigastra is the most widespread, occurring from south-east Brazil to southern Argentina and central Chile. T. r. alticola is found in the Andes of south-east Peru, west Bolivia and north-west Argentina. T. r. libertatis is found in coastal Peru while T. r. loaensis is restricted to Antofagasta Region in northern Chile.

It is a small bird, 10.5 cm in length. The tail is short, the wings are short and rounded and the bill is slender. As the bird's name suggests, the plumage is very colorful. The back and rump are green while the underparts are yellow apart from the white throat, black breastband and red undertail-coverts. The face is dark blue-grey, there is a yellow stripe over the eye and the crown is dark with a red patch that is often concealed. The wings and tail are dark with a white wingbar and white outer tail-feathers. Juveniles are considerably duller than the adults.

Binomial Name:

Name : Tachuris rubrigastra
Taxonomist : Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot (Yvetot - France)
Year : 1817
Subspecies : 4 (Rubigastra, Alticola, Libertatis, Ioaensis)
Synonyms : Sylvia rubrigastra

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Least Concern

Has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (prior to 2001) conservation dependent.

Philatelic Issues

1999 - Uruguay - Stamp 4 of 4, from Birds and Trees Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: April 14th, 1999
Printed: 35.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 4 Stamps
Value: UYP 7

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – BIRDS – SONGBIRDS – FAWN-BREASTED TANAGER (PIPRAEIDEA MELANONOTA)

Animals - Birds - Songbirds

Fawn-breasted tanager (Pipraeidea melanonota)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Aves
Order : Passeriformes
Family : Thraupidae
Genus : Pipraeidea
Species : P. Melanonota

Description:

The Fawn-breasted tanager (Pipraeidea melanonota) is a species of tanager with a blue head and yellow breast. It is in the genus Pipraeidea, along with the Blue-and-yellow tanager. It occurs in the Andes of northwestern Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela, as well as in the highlands of northeastern Argentina, south Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.

Binomial Name:

Name : Pipraeidea melanonota
Taxonomist : Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot (Yvetot - France)
Year : 1819
Subspecies : None, or not data available
Synonyms : None, or not data available

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Least Concern

Has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (prior to 2001) conservation dependent.

Philatelic Issues

1999 - Uruguay - Stamp 1 of 4, from Birds and Trees Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: April 14th, 1999
Printed: 35.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 4 Stamps
Value: UYP 7

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – BIRDS – SONGBIRDS – FRECKLE-BREASTED THORNBIRD (PHACELLODOMUS STRIATICOLLIS)

Animals - Birds - Songbirds

Freckle-breasted thornbird (Phacellodomus striaticollis)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Aves
Order : Passeriformes
Family : Furnariidae
Genus : Phacellodomus
Species : P. Striaticollis

Description:

The Freckle-breasted thornbird (Phacellodomus striaticollis) is a species of bird in the Furnariidae family. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Uruguay. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland.

Binomial Name:

Name : Phacellodomus striaticollis
Taxonomist : Alcide d'Orbigny (Couëron - France) & Frédéric de Lafresnaye (Falaise - France)
Year : 1838
Subspecies : None, or not data available
Synonyms : None, or not data available

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Least Concern

Has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (prior to 2001) conservation dependent.

Philatelic Issues

2000 - Uruguay - Stamp 3 of 4, from Birds Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: September 27th, 2000
Printed: 25.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 4 Stamps
Value: UYP 4

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 35 mm. x 22 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – REPTILES – SNAKES – CROSSED PIT VIPER (BOTHROPS ALTERNATUS)

Animals - Reptiles - Snakes

Crossed Pit Viper (Bothrops alternatus)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Subphylum : Vertebrata
Class : Reptilia
Order : Squamata
Suborder : Serpentes
Family : Viperidae
Subfamily : Crotalinae
Genus : Bothrops
Species : B. Alternatus

Description:

The Crossed Pit Viper (Bothrops alternatus) is a venomous pit viper species found in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina. Within its range, it is an important cause of snakebite. The specific name, alternatus, which is Latin for "alternating", is apparently a reference to the staggered markings along the body. No subspecies are currently recognized.

Large and stout, this terrestrial species reportedly exceeds 2 m (6.6 ft) in total length, although the verified maximum is 169 cm (67 in). Most specimens are 80–120 cm (31–47 in) in total length, with females being significantly longer and heavier than males.

Occurs in tropical and semitropical forests, as well as temperate deciduous forests. According to Gallardo (1977), it prefers marshes, low-lying swamps, riparian zones and other humid habitats. It is also said to be common in sugarcane plantations. It is found in a variety of habitats depending on the latitude, including open fields and rocky areas in the Sierra de Achiras in Córdoba and the Sierra de la Ventana in Buenos Aires in Argentina, fluvial areas, grasslands and cerrado. However, it is usually absent in dry environments.

An important cause of snakebite within its range, bites are rarely fatal but frequently cause severe local tissue damage. Although Spix and Martius (1824) found that it had a reputation for being one of the most venomous snakes in Brazil, its bite "said to occasion almost certain death", the statistics tell a different story. In his survey of 6,601 snakebite cases in Central and South America, Fonseca (1949) found that 384 were attributed to this species and that, of that number, only eight were fatal (2%).

Binomial Name:

Name : Bothrops alternatus
Taxonomist : André Marie Constant Duméril (Amiens - France), Gabriel Bibron (Paris - France), Auguste Henri André Duméril (Paris - France)
Year : 1854
Subspecies : None, or not data available
Synonyms : Many

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Not Evaluated, or not data available

Philatelic Issues

2001 - Uruguay - Stamp 2 of 2, from Snakes Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: May 28th, 2001
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 2 Stamps
Value: UYP 11

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

JOBS - POLICEMEN

Jobs

Policemen

Characteristics :

Creator : King Louis XIV
Date of Creation : March 15th, 1667
Place of Creation : Paris - France

Description :

A Police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder. Their powers include the legitimized use of force. The term is most commonly associated with police services of a sovereign state that are authorized to exercise the police power of that state within a defined legal or territorial area of responsibility. Police forces are often defined as being separate from military or other organizations involved in the defense of the state against foreign aggressors; however, gendarmerie are military units charged with civil policing.

Law enforcement, however, constitutes only part of policing activity. Policing has included an array of activities in different situations, but the predominant ones are concerned with the preservation of order. In some societies, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, these developed within the context of maintaining the class system and the protection of private property. Many police forces suffer from police corruption to a greater or lesser degree. The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes.

Alternative names for police force include constabulary, gendarmerie, police department, police service, crime prevention, protective services, law enforcement agency, civil guard or civic guard. Members may be referred to as police officers, troopers, sheriffs, constables, rangers, peace officers or civic/civil guards.

Etymology :

First attested in English in the early 15th century, initially in a range of senses encompassing '(public) policy; state; public order', the word police comes from Middle French police ('public order, administration, government'), in turn from Latin politia, which is the Latinisation of the Greek πολιτεία (politeia), "citizenship, administration, civil polity". This is derived from πόλις (polis), "city".

History :

The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), who was to be the head of the new Paris police force, and defined the task of the police as "ensuring the peace and quiet of the public and of private individuals, purging the city of what may cause disturbances, procuring abundance, and having each and everyone live according to their station and their duties".

This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to a particular district and assisted by a growing bureaucracy. The scheme of the Paris police force was extended to the rest of France by a royal edict of October 1699, resulting in the creation of lieutenants general of police in all large French cities and towns.

Philatelic Issues

2016 – Uruguay – Unique Stamp, from Police Women Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: March 11th, 2016
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Unique Stamp from Series
Value: UYP 20

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 27 mm. x 39 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – REPTILES – CROCODILES – BROAD-SNOUTED CAIMAN (CAIMAN LATIROSTRIS) #2

Animals - Reptiles - Crocodiles

Broad-Snouted Caiman (Caiman latirostris)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Reptilia
Order : Crocodylomorpha
Order : Crocodilia
Family : Alligatoridae
Genus : Caiman
Species : C. Latirostris

Description:

The Broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) is a crocodilian reptile found in eastern and central South America, including southeastern Brazil, northern Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia. It is found mostly in freshwater marshes, swamps, and mangroves, usually in still or very slow-moving waters. It will often use man-made cow ponds.

In the wild, adults normally grow to 2 to 2.5 m (6.6 to 8.2 ft) in length, but a few old males have been recorded to reach up to 3.5 m (11 ft). Captive adults were found to have weighed 29.2 to 62 kg (64 to 137 lb). Most tend to be of a light olive-green color. A few individuals have spots on their faces. The most notable physical characteristic is the broad snout from which its name is derived. The snout is well adapted to rip through the dense vegetation of the marshes. Due to this, they swallow some of the dense vegetation while foraging for food.

Binomial Name:

Name : Caiman latirostris
Taxonomist : François Marie Daudin (Paris - France)
Year : 1801
Subspecies : None or not data available
Synonyms : None or not data available

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Least Concern

Has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (prior to 2001) conservation dependent.

Philatelic Issues

2003 – Uruguay – Unique Stamp, from Caimans Breeding Farm Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: April 10th, 2003
Printed: 500.000 Copies
Type: Unique Stamp from Series
Value: UYP 12

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – FISHES – SILVERSIDES – ARGENTINIAN SILVERSIDE (ODONTESTHES BONARIENSIS)

Animals - Fishes - Silversides

Argentinian silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Actinopterygii
Order : Atheriniformes
Family : Atherinopsidae
Genus : Odontesthes
Species : O. Bonariensis

Description:

The Argentinian silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis) is a species of bony fish of the family Atherinopsidae, that is found in the southern area of the Plata Basin.

It is a species found in coastal waters of southern Brazil, northern Argentina and Uruguay, in the rivers: Rio de la Plata, Rio Tercero, Parana, Uruguay, and Tramandai.

It is a fast fish slightly compressed, fusiform body, has a silvery color with two longitudinal bands darker, marked ventral curve, strong head, bone at the top, protráctil mouth; two flaps on the back (a small first with flexible radios, the second longest and flexible radio), ventral fins without spines or saws. Silver color and something shiny bluish flank stripe. The tail is fork-shaped. He lives mostly in schools.

With rapid growth, is one of the largest in adulthood; some specimens have reached 60 cm. long and 20 cm thick, and 3 kg, but the average size is smaller, 40 cm to 800 grams. Its high reproduction rate, the quality of its meat, indicate it as important for intensive and extensive crop species.

Binomial Name:

Name : Odontesthes bonariensis
Taxonomist : Achille Valenciennes (Paris - France)
Year : 1835
Subspecies : None, or not data available
Synonyms : None, or not data available

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Near-threatened species

A Near-threatened species is a species which has been categorized as "Near Threatened" (NT) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as that may be considered threatened with extinction in the near future, although it does not currently qualify for the threatened status. The IUCN notes the importance of re-evaluating near-threatened taxa at appropriate intervals.

Philatelic Issues

2005 – Uruguay – Stamp 2 of 4, from River Fishes Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: November 22nd, 2005
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 4 Stamps
Value: UYP 16

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – FISHES – CATFISHES – TOAD CATFISH (RHAMDIA QUELEN)

Animals - Fishes - Catfishes

Toad Catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Actinopterygii
Order : Sluriformes
Family : Heptapteridae
Genus : Rhamdia
Species : R. Quelen

Description:

The Toad Catfish, Black catfish or Jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) is a species of fish in Heptapteridae family. It is endemic to central Argentina, southeastern Brazil and Uruguay.

It has wide body, low, without scales, depressed head, small eyes, wide mouth of jaws, no teeth; no thorn in the fins, strong dorsal fin and short radios. Maxillary barbels have sensory function.

The male reaches 35 cm and published maximum weight was 4.02 kg

It is a benthopelagic fish, freshwater; with a range of depth between 0-3 m; tropical climates. It has little commercial value.

It is found in Central and South America, from Mexico to central Argentina.

Binomial Name:

Name : Rhamdia quelen
Taxonomist : Jean René Constant Quoy (Maillé - France) & Joseph Paul Gaimard (Saint-Zacharie - France)
Year : 1824
Subspecies : None, or not data available
Synonyms : Rhamdella gilli, Rhamdia gilli

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Not Evaluated, or not data available

Philatelic Issues

2005 – Uruguay – Stamp 1 of 4, from River Fishes Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: November 22nd, 2005
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 4 Stamps
Value: UYP 16

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – MOLLUSCS – OYSTERS – TEHUELCHE SCALLOP (AEQUIPECTEN TEHUELCHUS)

Animals - Molluscs - Oysters

Tehuelche scallop (Aequipecten tehuelchus)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Mollusca
Class : Bivalvia
Order : Ostreoida
Suborder : Pectinina
Superfamily : Pectinoidea
Family : Pectinidae
Genus : Aequipecten
Species : A. Tehuelchus

Description:

The Tehuelche scallop (Aequipecten tehuelchus) is a marine bivalve mollusks in the family Pectinidae.

This genus is very ancient. It is known in the fossil records from the Triassic to the Quaternary (age range: from 247.2 to 0.0 million years ago). Fossils are found in the marine strata throughout the world.

Binomial Name:

Name : Aequipecten tehuelchus
Taxonomist : Alcide d'Orbigny (Couëron - France)
Year : 1846
Subspecies : None, or not data available
Synonyms : None, or not data available

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Not Evaluated, or not data available

Philatelic Issues

2007 – Uruguay – Stamp 1 of 4, from Molluscs Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: June 26th, 2009
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 4 Stamps
Value: UYP 5

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – INSECTS – BUTTERFLIES – CLAUDINA AGRIAS (AGRIAS CLAUDINA)

Animals - Insects - Butterflies

Claudina Agrias (Agrias claudina)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Arthropoda
Class : Insecta
Order : Lepidoptera
Family : Nymphalidae
Genus : Agrias
Species : A. Claudina

Description:

The Claudina Agrias (Agrias claudina) is a butterfly of the Nymphalidae family. It is found from Venezuela and Guyana to Bolivia. The subspecies sardanapalus is found in Ecuador, Brazil and Peru. It is found in primary and secondary rainforest at altitudes between 200 and 600 meters.

The larvae feed on Erythroxylum species. Adults feed on decomposing fruit and rotting fish.

Binomial Name:

Name : Agrias claudina
Taxonomist : Jean-Baptiste Godart (Origny - France)
Year : 1824
Subspecies : 8 (Claudina, Annetta, Sardanapalus, … )
Synonyms : Nymphalis claudina, Papilio claudia, Agrias sahlkei, Agrias claudianus

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Not Evaluated, or not data available

Philatelic Issues

2007 – Uruguay – Stamp 3 of 4, from Butterflies Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: October 26th, 2009
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 4 Stamps
Value: UYP 15

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – MAMMALS – CETACEANS – SOUTHERN RIGHT WHALE (EUBALAENA AUSTRALIS)

Animals - Mammals - Cetaceans

Southern right whale (Eubalaena australis)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Mammalia
Order : Cetacea
Suborder : Mysticeti
Superfamily : Inioidea
Family : Balaenidae
Genus : Eubalaena
Species : E. Australis

Description:

The Southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) is a baleen whale, one of three species classified as right whales belonging to the genus Eubalaena. Like other right whales, the southern right whale is readily distinguished from others by the callosities on its head, a broad back without a dorsal fin, and a long arching mouth that begins above the eye. Its skin is very dark grey or black, occasionally with some white patches on the belly. The right whale's callosities appear white due to large colonies of cyamids (whale lice). It is almost indistinguishable from the closely related North Atlantic and the North Pacific right whales, displaying only minor skull differences. It may have fewer callosities on its head and more on its lower lips than the two northern species. Approximately 10,000 southern right whales are spread throughout the southern part of the Southern Hemisphere.

The size of an adult female is 15 m (49 ft) and can weigh up to 47 tonnes (46 long tons; 52 short tons), with the larger records of 17.5–18 m (57–59 ft) in length and 80 tonnes (79 long tons; 88 short tons) or up to 90 tonnes (89 long tons; 99 short tons) in weight, making them slightly smaller than other right whales in Northern Hemisphere.] The testicles of right whales are likely to be the largest of any animal, each weighing around 500 kg (1,100 lb). This suggests that sperm competition is important in the mating process. Right whales cannot cross the warm equatorial waters to connect with the other (sub)species and (inter)breed: their thick layers of insulating blubber make it impossible for them to dissipate their internal body heat in tropical waters. However, based on historical records and unconfirmed sightings in modern periods, E. australis actually do occur in equatorial waters.

The proportion and numbers of molten-colored individuals are notable in this species compared with the other species in the Northern Hemisphere. Some whales remain white even after growing up.

Binomial Name:

Name : Eubalaena australis
Taxonomist : Lucie Simplice Camille Benoît Desmoulins (Guise - France)
Year : 1822
Subspecies : None or not data available
Synonyms : Many

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Least Concern

Has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (prior to 2001) conservation dependent.

Philatelic Issues

2011 - Uruguay - Full Se-Tenant, from Spring Series

Normal Se-Tenant

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: November 16th, 2011
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Full Se-Tenant  from Series of 4 Stamps
(4 Versions: Different Position of Stamps)
Values: UYP (37 + 12 + 12 + 37)

Stamp: All Rectangular
Size: All 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: All Circular
Gum: All Water Activated

ANIMALS – BIRDS – SONGBIRDS – HEPATIC TANAGER (PIRANGA FLAVA)

Animals - Birds - Songbirds

Hepatic Tanager (Piranga flava)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Aves
Order : Passeriformes
Family : Cardinalidae
Genus : Piranga
Species : P. Flava

Description:

The Hepatic tanager (Piranga flava) is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family (Thraupidae), it and other members of its genus are now classified in the cardinal family (Cardinalidae). The species's plumage and vocalizations are similar to other members of the cardinal family.

The common name hepatic means "liver-coloured", namely, brownish-red. The specific name flāva is Latin for yellow or golden.

The habits of the hepatic tanager are similar to those of the western tanager. It ranges from the southwestern United States (Arizona, New Mexico, and locally in southern California and Colorado) to northern Argentina.

Members of the northern group are larger and stockier than other Piranga tanagers and have a relatively short tail and a stout bill. Its brightest color is always on its forehead and throat. In all plumages, it has gray flanks, dusky cheeks, and a dark eye streak. The female is yellow, and the male is red. Its average weight is 38 g (1.3 oz). Its average wingspan is 31.8 cm (12.5 in) and length is 20.3 cm (8.0 in).

Its call is a low, dry chup like the hermit thrush. Its song is clearer than Thraupidae tanagers and far more similar to the song of the black-headed grosbeak, another member of the Cardinalidae. The flight call is a husky and rising weet.

It looks for food in the foliage of trees, moving slowly and methodically; different individuals use different strategies. In summer, the northern form largely eats insects, spiders and some fruit. In Mexico, it has been observed to eat nectar. From Oaxaca south, it follows swarms of army ants.

Binomial Name:

Name : Piranga flava
Taxonomist : Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot (Yvetot - France)
Year : 1822
Subspecies : None, or no data available
Synonyms : Piranga hepatica

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Least Concern

Has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (prior to 2001) conservation dependent.

Philatelic Issues

2008 – Uruguay – Stamp 1 of 2, from Mercosur Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: June 20th, 2008
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 2 Stamps
Value: UYP 12

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – BIRDS – SEABIRDS – BROWN SKUA (STERCORARIUS ANTARCTICUS)

Animals - Birds - Seabirds

Brown skua (Stercorarius antarcticus)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Aves
Order : Charadriiiformes
Family : Stercoriidae
Genus : Stercorarius
Species : S. Antarcticus

Description:

The Brown skua (Stercorarius antarcticus), also known as the Antarctic skua, subantarctic skua, southern great skua, southern skua, or hākoakoa (Māori), is a large seabird that breeds in the subantarctic and Antarctic zones and moves further north when not breeding. Its taxonomy is highly complex and a matter of dispute, with some splitting it into two or three species: Falkland skua (S. antarcticus), Tristan skua (S. hamiltoni), and subantarctic skua (S. lönnbergi). To further confuse, it hybridizes with both the south polar and Chilean skuas, and the entire group has been considered to be a subspecies of the great skua, a species otherwise restricted to the Northern Hemisphere.

It feeds on fish (often via kleptoparasitism), other birds, small mammals, eggs and carrion.

This is the heaviest species of skua and rivals the largest gulls, the great black-backed gull and glaucous gull, as the heaviest species in the shorebird order although not as large in length or wingspan. It is 52–64 cm (20–25 in) in length, 126–160 cm (50–63 in) in wingspan and has a body mass of 1.2–2.18 kg (2.6–4.8 lb). S. a. hamiltoni measured on Gough Island, weighed an average of 1.43 kg (3.2 lb) in 9 males and 1.65 kg (3.6 lb) in 9 females. S. a. lönnbergi measured in the Chatham Islands weighed an average of 1.73 kg (3.8 lb) in 30 males and an average of 1.93 kg (4.3 lb) in 32 females. The latter is the highest colony mean body mass for any living species of shorebird.

Binomial Name:

Name : Stercorarius antarcticus
Taxonomist : René Primevère Lesson (Rochefort - France)
Year : 1831
Subspecies : 3 (Antarticus, Hamiltoni, Ionnbergi)
Synonyms : Catharacta antarctica

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Least Concern

Has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (prior to 2001) conservation dependent.

Philatelic Issues

2008 – Uruguay – Stamp 1 of 2, from Spring Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: October 7th, 2008
Printed: 10.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 2 Stamps
Value: UYP 20

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 35 mm. x 22 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – INSECTS – BEES – YELLOW MANGANGÁ (XYLOCOPA AUGUSTI)

Animals - Insects - Bees

Yellow Mangangá (Xylocopa augusti)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Arthropoda
Class : Insecta
Order : Hymenoptera
Suborder : Apócrita
Superfamily : Apoidea
Family : Apidae
Subfamily : Xylocopinae
Tribe : Xylocopini
Genus : Xylocopa
Species : X. Augusti

Description:

The Yellow Mangangá (Xylocopa augusti) is a species of carpenter bee, genus Xylocopa, that can reach a length of about 25–30 millimetres (0.98–1.18 in). These large and robust carpenter bees show a black body integument with conspicuous lateral ferruginous setae. Wings are dark brown with violet iridescence. Males are tawny, with two tufts of setae on the ventral surface of the metatibia. They can be encountered from December to March. They nest in wood and tree trunks.

They are commonly associated to flowers of Passiflora species, but also of Agapanthus praecox, Alstroemeria pulchra, Cleome spinosa, Parkinsonia aculeatam, Quillaja saponaria, Robinia pseudoacacia, Solanum crispum, Styphnolobium japonicum, Eucalyptus sp. and Amaryllis sp.

This species can be found in Argentina, Chile, Brasil, Paraguay and Uruguay.

Binomial Name:

Name : Xylocopa augusti
Taxonomist : Amédée Louis Michel le Peletier, comte de Saint-Fargeau (Paris - France)
Year : 1841
Subspecies : None or not data available
Synonyms : Xylocopa ferruginea, Xylocopa augusti pterochloris, Xylocopa guaranitica Brèthes

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Not Evaluated, or not data available

Philatelic Issues

2015 - Uruguay - Stamp 4 of 4, from Spring Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: August 31st, 2012
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 4 Stamps
Value: UYP 12

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – MAMMALS – CETACEANS – LA PLATA DOLPHIN (PONTOPORIA BLAINVILLEI)

Animals - Mammals - Cetaceans

La Plata dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Mammalia
Subclass : Eutheria
Order : Cetacea
Suborder : Odontoceti
Superfamily : Inioidea
Family : Pontoporiidae
Genus : Pontoporia
Species : P. Blainvillei

Description:

The La Plata dolphin or Franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) is found in coastal Atlantic waters of southeastern South America. It is a member of the river dolphin group and the only one that actually lives in the ocean and saltwater estuaries, rather than inhabiting exclusively freshwater systems.

The La Plata dolphin is the only species in its genus, and is often placed in its own family, the Pontoporiidae. It was first described by Paul Gervais and Alcide d'Orbigny in 1844 (the species epithet blainvillei commemorates the French zoologist Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville).

The La Plata dolphin is also widely known as the Franciscana - the Argentine and Uruguayan name that has been adopted internationally. Other common names are the toninha (the Brazilian name) and cachimbo.

The La Plata dolphin has the longest beak (as a proportion of body size) of any cetacean — as much as 15% in older adults. Males grow to 1.6 m (5 ft, 3 in) and females to 1.8 m (5 ft, 10 in). The body is a greyish brown colour, with a lighter underside. The flippers are also very large in comparison with body size and are very broad, but narrow on joining the body, so are almost triangular in shape. The trailing edges are serrated. The crescent-shaped blowhole lies just in front of a crease in the neck, giving the impression that dolphin forever has its head cricked upwards. The dorsal fin has a long base and a rounded tip.

The La Plata dolphin weighs up to 50 kg (110 lb), and lives for up to 20 years. The gestation period is around 10–11 months and juveniles take just a few years to mature. Females may be giving birth by the age of five.

Binomial Name:

Name : Pontoporia blainvillei
Taxonomist : Paul Gervais (Paris - France) and Alcide d'Orbigny (Couëron - France)
Year : 1844
Subspecies : None or not data available
Synonyms : None or not data available

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Vulnerable

A Vulnerable species is one which has been categorised by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as likely to become endangered unless the circumstances threatening its survival and reproduction improve.

Vulnerability is mainly caused by habitat loss or destruction. Vulnerable habitat or species are monitored and can become increasingly threatened. Some species listed as "vulnerable" may be common in captivity.

Philatelic Issues

2015 - Uruguay - Stamp 3 of 4, from Spring Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: August 31st, 2012
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 4 Stamps
Value: UYP 12

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS – REPTILES – CROCODILES – BROAD-SNOUTED CAIMAN (CAIMAN LATIROSTRIS)

Animals - Reptiles - Crocodiles

Broad-Snouted Caiman (Caiman latirostris)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Reptilia
Order : Crocodylomorpha
Order : Crocodilia
Family : Alligatoridae
Genus : Caiman
Species : C. Latirostris

Description:

The Broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) is a crocodilian reptile found in eastern and central South America, including southeastern Brazil, northern Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia. It is found mostly in freshwater marshes, swamps, and mangroves, usually in still or very slow-moving waters. It will often use man-made cow ponds.

In the wild, adults normally grow to 2 to 2.5 m (6.6 to 8.2 ft) in length, but a few old males have been recorded to reach up to 3.5 m (11 ft). Captive adults were found to have weighed 29.2 to 62 kg (64 to 137 lb). Most tend to be of a light olive-green color. A few individuals have spots on their faces. The most notable physical characteristic is the broad snout from which its name is derived. The snout is well adapted to rip through the dense vegetation of the marshes. Due to this, they swallow some of the dense vegetation while foraging for food.

Binomial Name:

Name : Caiman latirostris
Taxonomist : François Marie Daudin (Paris - France)
Year : 1801
Subspecies : None or not data available
Synonyms : None or not data available

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Least Concern

Has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (prior to 2001) conservation dependent.

Philatelic Issues

2015 - Uruguay - Stamp 2 of 4, from Spring Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: August 31st, 2012
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 4 Stamps
Value: UYP 12

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 39 mm. x 27 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated

ANIMALS - MAMMALS - BATS - COMMON VAMPIRE BAT (DESMODUS ROTUNDUS)

Animals - Mammals - Bats

Common Vampire Bat (Desmodus rotundus)

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Mammalia
Order : Chiroptera
Family : Phyllostomidae
Subfamily : Desmodontinae
Genus : Desmodus
Species : D. Rotundus

Description:

The Common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) is a small, leaf-nosed bat native to the Americas. It is one of three extant species of vampire bat, the other two being the hairy-legged and the white-winged vampire bats. These species are the only known parasitic mammals. The common vampire bat mainly feeds on the blood of livestock, approaching its prey at night while they are sleeping. It uses its razor-sharp teeth to cut open the skin of its hosts and laps up their blood with its long tongue.

The species is highly polygynous, and dominant adult males defend groups of females. It is one of the most social of bat species with a number of cooperative behaviors such as social grooming and food sharing. Because it feeds on livestock and is a carrier of rabies, the common vampire bat is considered a pest. Its conservation status is categorized as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) because of "its wide distribution, presumed large population tolerance of a degree of habitat modification, and because it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category."

The common vampire bat is short-haired, with silver-gray fur on its undersides, demarcated from the darker fur on its back. It has a deeply grooved lower lip, and a flat, leaf-shaped nose. A well-developed, clawed thumb on each wing is used to climb onto prey and to assist the animal in take-off. The bat averages about 9 cm (3.5 in) long with a wingspan of 18 cm (7 in). It commonly weighs about 25-40 grams (2 oz), but its weight can drastically increase after a single feeding. The braincase is relatively large, but the snout is reduced to accommodate large incisors and canines.  It has the fewest teeth among bats. The upper incisors lack enamel, which keeps them razor-sharp.

Binomial Name:

Name : Desmodus rotundus
Taxonomist : Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (Étampes - France)
Year : 1810
Subspecies : None, or not data available
Synonyms : None, or not data available

Conservation Status by IUCN:

Status : Least Concern

Has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (prior to 2001) conservation dependent.

Philatelic Issues

2014 – Uruguay - Stamp 2 of 2, from Tourist Sites:Lavalleja Series

Issue information:

Country: Uruguay
Date: November 5th, 2014
Printed: 15.000 Copies
Type: Stamp from Series of 2 Stamps
Value: UYP 15

Stamp: Rectangular
Size: 27 mm. x 39 mm.
Perforation: Circular
Gum: Water Activated